The main components include the seat, which provides support for the rider, and the tree, the rigid frame beneath the seat that distributes the rider's weight evenly across the horse's back. Attached to the tree are the stirrups, where the rider's feet rest, and the stirrup leathers, which connect the stirrups to the saddle. The pommel, located at the front of the saddle, and the cantle, at the back, help keep the rider secure in the seat. Other critical parts include the girth, which secures the saddle under the horse's belly, and the billets, straps on either side of the saddle that attach to the girth. Additionally, the panels, situated beneath the saddle, provide cushioning and support along the horse's back. Each part plays a crucial role in ensuring a comfortable and secure riding experience.
To measure a horse for a saddle, start by placing a flexible measuring tape or string around the horse's girth, about four inches behind the front legs. Measure from this point to the highest part of the withers for the seat size. Additionally, measure the length from the withers to the last rib to determine the saddle's length. Finally, assess the horse's build, noting the width of the withers and the curve of the back, to ensure a proper fit.
To saddle a horse, start by placing the saddle pad or blanket over the horse's back, ensuring it's centered and sits just behind the shoulder blades. Next, lift the saddle onto the horse's back, gently lowering it into place without bumping or startling the horse. Position the saddle so that the front (pommel) sits just behind the horse's withers and the back (cantle) rests evenly. Check that the saddle is centered and sits level on the horse's back. Then, fasten the girth or cinch snugly under the horse's belly, making sure it's tight enough to keep the saddle secure but not too tight to restrict the horse's breathing or movement. Finally, check all straps and buckles to ensure they are properly secured and adjust stirrups to the appropriate length for the rider before mounting the horse.
Real cowboys typically use western saddles, which are designed for the demands of ranch work and long hours in the saddle. These saddles are characterized by their sturdy construction, featuring a horn for securing ropes during cattle roping, a deep seat for stability, and a high cantle for added support. Western saddles are practical for tasks such as roping, cutting, and general ranch work, making them a popular choice among cowboys for their durability and functionality.